BENEFITS OF SPENDING TIME IN NATURE

Por: BCI

The connection with the natural environment has significant positive effects on human well-being. Through the analysis of recent studies, we invite you to discover how this relationship can improve our quality of life, especially our mental and physical health.

Relationship and Connection with Nature

Nature and Childhood: The Theory of "Nature-Deficit Disorder"

Richard Louv, in his book The Last Child in the Woods, introduced the concept of "Nature-Deficit Disorder," suggesting that children spend less and less time outdoors. This detachment has negative consequences for their physical and mental health, contributing to rising rates of obesity, anxiety, and depression. Louv emphasizes the importance of direct contact with nature for healthy development [9].

Impact of Technology

Technology often replaces children's outdoor experiences, leading to a disconnection from the natural world and, consequently, from themselves. While technology has its benefits, excessive screen time limits physical activity and social interactions.

The Importance of Play in Nature

Exploration, risk-taking, and developing problem-solving skills are crucial for the growth of every living being. Children who play outdoors are more likely to develop a sense of independence and self-confidence, positively influencing their social performance.

Physical Health

Exercise and Physical Fitness

Various studies have shown that people living near the ocean or green areas are more likely to engage in outdoor activities. The availability of trails, parks, and natural areas promotes physical activity, contributing to better cardiovascular health and a lower risk of obesity. Additionally, exercising in a natural environment is associated with increased motivation and adherence to exercise routines, as the surroundings make the activity more enjoyable and less monotonous, encouraging people to stay active long-term [1].

Vitamin D and Sun Exposure

Sun exposure allows the synthesis of vitamin D in our bodies, essential for bone health and preventing chronic diseases. Engaging in outdoor activities is an effective way to maintain adequate levels of this vitamin, which is also important for the immune system. Moreover, sunlight helps regulate melatonin production, the hormone responsible for the sleep cycle, which can contribute to improved sleep quality. Maintaining a proper circadian rhythm can lead to better nighttime rest, positively impacting overall health [2].

Immune System Boost

Studies from Chiba University in Japan have shown that shinrin-yoku or “forest bathing,” which involves walking among trees for 10 to 15 minutes, can significantly impact our health. This practice not only helps lower blood pressure but also improves sleep quality by reducing stress and, consequently, cortisol levels in the body. Good sleep is crucial for maintaining a robust immune system.
Additionally, exposure to phytoncides—chemical substances released by trees to protect themselves from fungi and bacteria—further strengthens our immune system. These natural compounds increase the activity of LCN-LCG (Natural Cytolytic Lymphocytes), which play a crucial role in the body's defense, containing enzymes that can destroy tumor cells or cells infected by a virus.

MENTAL HEALTH

Cognitive Function

Being outdoors has a restorative effect on the mind. It has been found to improve attention and memory, serving as a valuable resource for relieving stress and the information overload of our time. The natural aesthetics of forests, lakes, deserts, seas, or jungles, with their vibrant colors and biodiversity, stimulate the senses and provoke a positive emotional response, further enhancing these benefits. Additionally, it has been linked to an increase in creativity, which can support problem-solving and innovation in various aspects of everyday life [3].

Mood Improvement

Studies have shown that even brief periods of time in nature can result in a greater sense of happiness and satisfaction. This positive effect can be attributed to a combination of natural beauty and the reduction of noise and visual pollution typical of urban environments [4].

Emotional Well-being

A peaceful, natural space serves as an emotional refuge. Research has shown that being in the presence of natural landscapes can speed up recovery from surgeries and reduce fear associated with health issues, suggesting that access to these environments is a valuable tool for emotional health. Additionally, many outdoor activities are done in groups, especially those that require guidance, such as bird watching or nature walks, which can foster social connections and a sense of belonging and emotional support [5].

Ecological Awareness and Action

Advocacy for Environmental Education

Experts in environmental education suggest reimagining education to include environmental literacy and learning in direct contact with nature. Integrating the study and recognition of the natural environment into school curricula not only fosters a greater appreciation for the environment but also reinforces students' personal connection with local ecosystems. This, in turn, promotes a sense of responsibility towards protecting the environment and motivates participation in conservation initiatives and sustainable practices. Additionally, research has shown that environmental education can improve overall academic performance, as nature provides a dynamic, active learning space that enriches the educational experience and stimulates curiosity and critical observation [6, 7].

Call to Action

At BCI and through our Education to Action program, we know that the connection with the natural environment is a fundamental step for its protection and for our well-being as communities. We have witnessed firsthand the positive impact on the youth of our region when they engage in activities within their natural surroundings. Therefore, we encourage parents, educators, and the government to create more opportunities for young people to experience nature directly, to promote conservation initiatives, and to value the role of nature in shaping future generations. We need to ensure public access to these spaces for our communities.

Integrating nature into our daily lives not only improves our personal well-being but also strengthens empathy and our sense of connection with the environment. Today’s environmental and public health challenges make it essential for us to take responsibility for preserving and caring for our surroundings.

references

1. Kaczynski, A. T., & Henderson, K. A. (2007). "Environmental correlates of physical activity: a review of the evidence." American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 32(4), 363-375.

2. Holick, M. F. (2004). "Sunlight and Vitamin D for Bone Health and Prevention of Chronic Diseases." The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 80(6), 1478S-1487S.

3. Berman, M. G., Jonides, J., & Kaplan, S. (2008). "The cognitive benefits of interacting with nature." Psychological Science, 19(12), 1207-1212.

4. Kaplan, R., & Kaplan, S. (1989). The Experience of Nature: A Psychological Perspective. Cambridge University Press.

5. Ulrich, R. S. (1991). "Effects of view on recovery from surgery and stress." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 88(3), 995-1000.

6. Nisbet, E. K., & Zelenski, J. M. (2011). "The Nature Relatedness Scale: Linking Individuals' Connection with Nature to Environmental Concern and Behavior." Environmental Psychology, 31(5), 503-515.

7. Chawla, L. (1999). "Life Paths into Effective Environmental Action." The Journal of Environmental Education, 31(1), 15-26.

8. Clayton, S., & Myers, G. (2009). Conservation Psychology: Understanding and Promoting Human Care for Nature. Wiley-Blackwell.

9. Louv, R. (2005). The Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder. Algonquin Books.